The drainage basin system these icons indicate that teachers notes or useful web addresses are available in the notes page. These medium size basins mostly range from 5 to 70 square miles in size and make up, in order of increasing size the larger regional, and major drainage basin areas. To this end, a steady state basin, in which erosion and uplift are everywhere in balance, is used as an initial condition. Drainage density indicates how dissected the landscape is by channels, thus it reflects both the tendency of the drainage basin to generate surface runoff and the erodibility of the surface materials fig. A drainage basin provides a limited surface area within which physical processes pertinent to the general hydrology may be considered. The topography of drainage basins is a sensibly permanent characteristic which influences mainly the concentration or time distribution of the discharge from a drainage basin. Regions with high drainage densities will have limited infiltration, promote considerable run. The first page of the pdf of this article appears above. Drainage basins refer to the area of land drained by a major river and its tributaries. Focuses on the key inputs, flows, stores and outputs within the hydrological cycle. All rivers flow from the source often in the mountains to the mouth the sea. Abstract the hydraulic, basin, and geologic characteristics of 16 selected streams in central pennsylvania were measured for the purpose of studying the relations among these general characteristics and.
Drainage basin characteristics, their selection, derivation and. In geomorphology the study of the earths processes, a drainage system is the pattern formed by the streams, rivers, and lakes in a particular drainage basin. The basin is fairly flat and prone to flooding at certain low points. It extends from the allegheny mountains in the east to the rocky mountains in the west and covers over 1. The recognition of the drainage basin as fundamental unit of landform in fluvial terrain chorley, 1969 and the drainage basin is the most commonly analysed in morphometry gardiner, 1981. The area from which the water flows to form a stream is known as its drainage basin. The word watershed is sometimes used interchangeably with drainage basin or catchment. When a droplet of water falls onto the land as precipitation, gravity will make. Data based on the first reading of the day typically 00. Physiographic and hydraulic studies of rivers geological survey professional paper 282f a study of the influence of the geologic character of drainage basins upon the hydraulic.
Application of terminology to the river seine drainage basin. Erosive forces which are at work in the natural drainage network are often. Other terms used interchangeably with drainage basin are catchment area, catchment basin, drainage area, river basin, water basin, and impluvium. The murraydarling drainage basin examine the competing demands for water in a specific river basin. Pdf the present investigation was carried out on lidder drainage basin catchment in kashmir himalaya supporting a varied topography and exhibiting. Drainage density stream length ratio lurm horton 1945, p. Other terms for drainage basin are catchment area, catchment basin, drainage area, river basin, water basin, and impluvium. The morphometric analysis of drainage basins represents an interim phase during the quantification of geomorphology. Drainage basin morphometry zmorphometry the quantitative measurement of form provides a systematic basis for description and comparison e.
It act as a funnel by collecting the water and channels through one area covered by the basin. The drainage basin acts like a funnel, collecting all the water within the area covered by the basin and channelling it into a waterway. This icon indicates that the slide contains activities created in flash. The miscellaneous drainage fee previous to september 1999 resolution was the average of all drainage fees for basins with basin planning studies performed within the last 14 years. The information contained in this manual was created to further the knowledge and professionalism of individuals involved in drainage projects. Graph showing general variation in stream slopes and altitude. A sediment budget for a drainage basin is a quantitative statement of the rates of production, transport, and discharge of detritus.
Ohio drainage basins and associated rule numbers in chapter 37451 of the administrative code. Drainage basin design plans rapid city south dakota. Drainage basins connect into other drainage basins at lower elevations in a hierarchical pattern, with smaller sub drainage basins, which in turn drain into another common outlet. The climatic variables and the water and sediment discharge, water storage, and evapotranspiration may be measured. The failure of, or damage to, a culvert or detention basin outlet structure can be traced to unchecked erosion. Total number of streams is 148, in which 95 are first order, 37 are second order, 12 are third order and 4 are fourth order streams. Drainage basin map st lucie co pdf drainage basin map st. There is an imaginary line separating drainage basins called a watershed. Technical drawings nyloplast engineered drainage structures. In north america, the term watershed is commonly used to mean a drainage basin, though in other englishspeaking countries, it is used only in its original sense, that of a drainage divide. An introduction to physical geography 5th edition, prentice hall, new jersey. Quantitative morphometric analysis of a watershed of. Characteristics of the drainage basin the drainage basin.
Principles of exterior drainage nds stormwater management. The mississippi river drainage basin is the fourth largest in the world. The 12state initiative builds on the cooperative work of nrcs and its conservation partners in the basin, and offers agricultural producers in priority watersheds the. A drainage basin is the area of land that it drained by a river and its tributaries.
The drainage basin watershed is the fundamental earth surface expression that collects and distributes water and sediment. All of the land where rain fall will run off into a river system. The geomophometric characteristics of a basin help in understanding the hydrological properties of. Pdf classifications which attempt to combine descriptive and genetic aspects of types of drainage basins must take into account the. In some systems, surface waters are quickly assembled, and the dis. The parameters for the steady state simulation are chosen such that the properties. We start with a group reading, which quickly defines a stream system and watershed. Explain the drainage basin as an open system with inputs, outputs, flows and stores. Drainage basins, channels, and flow characteristics of selected.
Tropical rainforests are thought to intercept up to 80% of rainfall, whereas arable land intercepts less than 10% of rainfall. What is the difference between watershed and drainage basin. Ohio drainage basins and associated rule numbers in. Drainage basins, channels, and flow characteristics of. Road and drainage standards drawing name title pdf page. It includes water found in the water table and surface runoff. Drainage basin article about drainage basin by the free. A drainage basin is the topographic region from which a stream receives runoff, throughflow, and groundwater flow. In its simplest form, a drainage basin is an area that funnels all runoff to the mouth of a stream. Drainage basin is a land area where excess water from the rain, snow or melted ice exits to a single point like the river, lake, sea, ocean and other water bodies. The x in the picture on the left represents a low spot in the backyard. Nyloplast drain basin and inline drains combine performanceproven ductile iron grates with a rugged pvc structure, representing the latest in storm water piping technology.
Choose from 500 different sets of drainage basin flashcards on quizlet. The topography of drainage basins is a sensibly permanent characteristic which influences mainly the concentration or time distribution of the discharge from a. The area from which water drains into a particular drainage basin. Connecticut subregional drainage basins includes drainage areas for all. Learn drainage basin with free interactive flashcards. To construct a sediment budget for a drainage basin, one must. Drainage basin map western collier pdf drainage basin map western collier pdf file.
One of the central problems of hydrology is the correlation of the hydrologic characteristics of a drainagebasin with its morphology, soils, and vegetation. Drainage basin components zdrainage dividewatershed topographical hydrological military zinterfluve a region of higher land separating two rivers in the same drainage basin source. A drainage basin system is a part of the worlds hydrological water cycle. A drainage basin is an area of land drained by a river and its tributaries river system. The montclair watershed is denver s largest drainage basin without an open waterway. This valley begins just below cape girardeau, missouri, is roughly 600. It happens in areas where there has been much geological disruption, such as earthquakes and mountains forming. Characteristics of the drainage basin the drainage basin ccea. In the technical sense, a watershed refers to a divide that separates one drainage area from another. The basins were studied by examining the relations of drainage area, discharge, and length of stream from drainage divide. When a droplet of water falls onto the land as precipitation, gravity will make sure that the water is. Ridges and hills that separate two watersheds are called the drainage divide.
The aim of the book is to describe the drainage basin as a system unit resulting from the interaction between runoff and topography a lengthy process of evolution that occurs according to well. The boundary between drainage basins is a drainage divide. The mississippi drainage basin new orleans district, u. Drainage basin, are from which all precipitation flows to a single stream or set of streams. Pdf chemical weathering in the drainage basin of a tropical. Evaluate the strategies that have been adopted to meet these demands by the british geographer situation the murraydarling basin is a vast drainage basin, 1,061,469 km2, in size located in the south east of australia. A drainage basin is an area of land where all precipitation that falls will drain or flow downhill into a specific stream. Maumee 11 wabash 29 great miami 21 little miami 18 portage 23 sandusky 12 scioto lake erie 31 vermilion 28 chagrin 22 cuyahoga 26 rock 20 grand 10 mahoning 25 ashtabula 14. Pdf relationship between drainage basin area and stream. Pdf principles of drainage basin analysis from multisource data. A drainage basin covered in dense vegetation will experience high rates of interception, root uptake and evapotranspiration this will reduce the amount of discharge within the basin. Drainage basin hydrological system a level geography. Each drainage basin is separated topographically from adjacent basins by a geographical bar watershed. The current stormwater drainage system, which includes pipes and street capacity to convey water safely, needs to be improved in some key areas.
Interim drainage fees are based upon draft drainage basin planning studies or the drainage basin identification and fee estimation report. Pdf many discharge basin features that are important to the hydrologist can be quantified in terms of length, length squared, and length. All of the precipitation rain or snow that falls within a drainage basin eventually flows into its stream, unless some of that water is able to cross into an adjacent drainage basin via. Pdf drainage basin characteristics and soil erosion intensity of. The drainage basin hydrological system is a local open system. The watershed consists of surface waterlakes, streams, reservoirs, and wetlandsand all the underlying groundwater. Chemical weathering in the drainage basin of a tropical watershed nsimizoetele site, cameroon. Drainage basin map western collier pdf south florida. Each location where the water is draining is a separate drainage zone.
River systems differ in their efficiency as agencies for collecting and conducting water. A deranged drainage system is a drainage system in drainage basins where there is no set pattern to the rivers and lakes. Click on the image above to obtain a downloadable pdf. The lower alluvial valley of the mississippi river is a relatively flat plain of about 35,000 square miles bordering on the river which would be overflowed during time of high water if it were not for manmade protective works. Test your ability to explain the characteristics of drainage basins with this quiz and worksheet combination. You should be able to explain why once you have seen the following slides. It focuses solely on all aspects of exterior drainage, from the identification of the problem to the design and installation of the solution. The arrows need to go from where the water is originating to where the water is draining.
Montana snotel current snow water equivalent swe % of. A drainage basin is any area of land where precipitation collects and drains off into a common. The discharge from a drainage basin depends on precipitation, evapotranspiration and storage factors. Definition of key terminology with links to interactive quiz. Pdf construction of sediment budgets for drainage basins. Drainage basins, channels, and flow characteristics of selected streams in central pennsylvania by lucien m. The limits of a given catchment area are the heights of landoften called drainage divides, or watershedsseparating it from neighboring drainage systems. Mississippi river basin healthy watersheds initiative mrbi in 2009 to improve water quality and wildlife habitat in the mississippi river basin. Click on the image above to obtain a downloadable pdf task. The fundamental unit of virtually all watershed and fluvial investigations is the drainage basin. Morphometric analysis of a drainage basin using geographical. Studying the average mean slope of the whole network of stream segments in a given drainage basin is a useful undertaking for getting an insight into the hydrological and geomorphological dynamics.
388 306 1024 435 990 792 718 853 189 1347 1399 1111 1498 208 1414 853 1229 1174 702 475 961 1061 69 792 1055 1003 268 990 1163 1490 1306 300